He says with just our head and belly we are animals, but that in fact the head governs the belly through the chest. Lewis says this is what gives men their identity as human beings. The head is the intellect the chest, the heart and the belly, the instinct. Lewis classifies this process of human reasoning (rather than meaningless emotion/faith) as: head - chest - belly. In fact, people wouldn't argue about anything unless they had some external, objective reference to which they were both referring, both trying to ascertain. Two people argue whether a painting is beautiful, because both of those people are trying to grasp the true nature of the thing. Lewis disagrees and says that things in the real world have certain intrinsic qualities about themselves, and that everyone knows and recognizes this. So, anytime someone has an opinion about something, that person isn't actually talking about anything that is 'true' or 'real', he is just saying fluff, just speaking meaningless words. By 'facts', they mean, anything that doesn't contain a value judgement. Lewis' larger point is that the authors are really making a pretty sweeping statement: they are claiming that there are 'facts', and there are 'mere feelings'. So the authors' point doesn't even make sense on their own grounds. Similarly, if someone said, 'John is unjust,' that person wouldn't have feelings of unjustness inside of him, he'd have feelings of justice, of discerning what is just from what is unjust.

First, the person claiming the waterfall was beautiful wouldn't have feelings of beauty inside of him - he'd have feelings of humility. He then argues that this point fails on many grounds. Lewis points out that the authors are making a philosophical rather than a grammatical point. They say that anyone who says, for example, 'That waterfall is beautiful,' is not really saying that the waterfall is intrinsically beautiful they are just saying that they have feelings of beauty inside of them, and so therefore they are really misusing the English language. The authors of a book on English grammar make the following point. Lewis: A summary Chapter 1: Men Without Chests

The Abolition of Man by C.S. Lewis